Reasonable Articulable Suspicion Archives

S-2018-438

Post author:Staff
Post published:July 11, 2019
Post category:S

**IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA** **STATE OF OKLAHOMA,** **Appellant,** **v.** **LESLYE SOTO,** **Appellee.** **Case No. S-2018-438** **Filed July 11, 2019** **Opinion by: Lewis, Presiding Judge** --- **OPINION** Leslye Soto was charged with aggravated trafficking in illegal drugs, in violation of 63 O.S.Supp.2014, § 2-415, in Oklahoma County district court case number CF-2015-5312. The district court, presided over by the Honorable Ray C. Elliott, granted a motion to suppress evidence obtained by law enforcement prior to the trial. The State appeals this decision. ### FACTS On the night of the incident, Leslye Soto was a passenger in a vehicle driven by her husband, Jorge Soto. The vehicle was stopped by Sergeant Keegan Burris from the Oklahoma City Police Department K-9 unit for making an improper lane change. Following the stop and a brief investigation, Burris observed signs that led him to suspect drug trafficking. These included: - The appearance of the vehicle which suggested a lived-in look. - The nervous demeanor of both the driver and passenger. - A disassembled phone in the vehicle. - Misaligned statements regarding the purpose of their travel. - Clothing that did not appear suitable for a wedding. After issuing a warning citation and asking for additional questions, Jorge Soto initially declined to consent to a vehicle search. Burris then extended the detention based on the signs of possible illegal activity, deploying a K-9 to sniff the vehicle. The K-9 alerted, leading to the discovery of contraband. The trial court concluded that Burris lacked reasonable suspicion to extend the stop, determining the presented factors were insufficient for such suspicion. The State appeals this ruling. ### ANALYSIS The standard for evaluating the trial court's decision on a motion to suppress is an abuse of discretion. Under established jurisprudence, an extended police stop must either be based on reasonable suspicion or valid consent. In this case, Sergeant Burris provided specific articulable facts informing his suspicion of drug trafficking, relying on his training and expertise. The totality of circumstances, rather than isolated factors, should guide the determination of reasonable suspicion. The trial court's comparison of the Sotos' behavior to its own travel habits was misplaced and underappreciated the officer's expertise. Understanding that reasonable suspicion is a lesser standard than probable cause, the court finds Burris legitimately extended the stop for further investigation. Given the K-9's alert after this reasonable extension, the officer developed probable cause to conduct a search of the vehicle. ### DECISION The trial court's ruling suppressing the evidence is reversed. The case is remanded to the district court for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. **Attorneys on Appeal:** - For the State: Kyle Peppler, Clayton Niemeyer - For Defendant/Appellee: Richard W. Anderson, David Autry **Concurrences:** KUEHN, V.P.J.; LUMPKIN, J.; HUDSON, J.; ROWLAND, J. --- **Click Here To Download PDF** [Download PDF](https://opinions.wirthlawoffice.com/wp-content/uploads/S-2018-438_1734280785.pdf)

S-2009-235

Post author:Staff
Post published:December 14, 2009
Post category:S

In OCCA case No. S-2009-235, Angel Chavez appealed his conviction for Trafficking in Illegal Drugs (Cocaine). In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm the trial court's ruling, which granted a motion to suppress evidence. The court found that the police officer did not have enough reason to keep Chavez detained after a traffic stop, meaning the search that followed was not valid. One judge dissented.

F-2004-1283

Post author:Staff
Post published:July 7, 2006
Post category:F

In OCCA case No. F-2004-1283, Marion Whitmore appealed his conviction for Possession of Controlled Substance (Methamphetamine) After Two or More Prior Convictions, and Unlawful Possession of Drug Paraphernalia. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm his convictions but modified his sentence for possession of methamphetamine from sixty-five years to thirty-five years. One judge dissented, arguing that the original sentence should not have been modified as any error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt.

F 2002-772

Post author:Staff
Post published:July 29, 2003
Post category:F

In OCCA case No. F 2002-772, Joseph Alexander Simrak appealed his conviction for Possession of a Controlled Dangerous Substance and Possession of a Firearm after a felony. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to reverse the conviction and remand the case with instructions to dismiss. One judge dissented. The case began when the appellant was arrested. He was found with methamphetamine and a firearm, which he challenged in court, arguing that the arrest was not lawful. The appellant claimed that because his arrest was unlawful, all the evidence found during the arrest should not have been used against him in court. The court agreed with the appellant and found that the information used to justify his arrest was not reliable. Therefore, the evidence from the unlawful arrest should not have been included in the trial. The jury had previously decided that the appellant should go to prison for ten years for each charge, and those sentences were to be served one after the other. However, since the court found the arrest illegal, both convictions were reversed. The remaining issues raised by the appellant were not considered because the ruling on the arrest was significant enough to change the outcome of the case. Ultimately, the court stated that the appellant would not be punished for these convictions due to the way the evidence was obtained.

F-2000-861

Post author:Staff
Post published:June 27, 2001
Post category:F

In OCCA case No. F-00-861, Anthony Tyrone Raymond appealed his conviction for trafficking illegal drugs. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to uphold the conviction but modified the fine imposed. One judge dissented. Raymond was found guilty by a jury and sentenced to ten years in prison and a fine of $25,000. He raised several errors on appeal, including that the trial court wrongly excluded a witness's testimony, improperly instructed the jury about evidence, and made mistakes regarding the imposed fine and the legality of the search that found drugs on him. The court agreed that it was wrong to deny the defense witness the chance to testify, but believed this did not affect the outcome of the trial. About the jury instructions, the court found that there was no error because the instructions followed the defense's request. They also said the fine was incorrectly high based on the law, so they changed it to $10,000. Regarding the search that uncovered drugs, the court ruled that the officers acted properly since they had reasonable suspicion about Raymond’s involvement in crime. They also noted that Raymond had the right to contest the evidence against him, but there was no issue about him not being able to present his case during the hearing about this. Finally, they stated that the amount of drugs relevant to the conviction was clearly outlined. The final decision was to maintain the conviction but adjust the fine to reflect the correct amount.