Other Crimes

F-2018-929

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**Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma** **Case:** Andrew Joseph Revilla v. The State of Oklahoma **Citation:** 2019 OK CR 30 **Date Filed:** December 19, 2019 **Docket Number:** F-2018-929 **Summary Opinion** **Judges:** Kuehn, Vice Presiding Judge; Lewis, P.J.; Lumpkin, J.; Hudson, J.; Rowland, J. --- **Overview:** Andrew Joseph Revilla was convicted in Jackson County District Court on two counts of Lewd Molestation of a Minor and one count of Forcible Sodomy, receiving concurrent twenty-year sentences. He raised five propositions of error in his appeal, which the Court addressed. --- ### Propositions of Error **Proposition I - Ineffective Assistance of Counsel:** Revilla claimed ineffective assistance because his counsel failed to file a motion to quash based on insufficient evidence presented at the preliminary hearing. The Court found that the evidentiary standards at a preliminary hearing do not require strict adherence to corroboration rules and that the victim's testimony, along with corroborative evidence, was sufficient for bindover. As such, the claim did not support a finding of ineffective assistance. **Proposition II - Improper Evidence of Other Crimes:** Revilla contended that evidence of his drug use and criminal behavior introduced during cross-examination of character witnesses was prejudicial. The Court noted that this evidence was permissible to challenge the credibility of witnesses. Additionally, defense counsel did not object to this line of questioning, which limited grounds for relief. **Proposition III - Omitting Jury Instruction:** Revilla argued that the trial court improperly omitted an explanation regarding how jurors should treat prior inconsistent statements by the victim. The Court acknowledged the omission but concluded the error did not affect the trial’s outcome since the victim's preliminary statements were not exculpatory. **Proposition IV - Prosecutorial Misconduct:** Revilla alleged various instances of prosecutorial misconduct. The Court found that most complaints lacked timely objections and did not undermine the fairness of the trial. **Proposition V - Cumulative Error:** Revilla asserted that even if individual errors were not significant, their cumulative effect denied him a fair trial. The Court found no cumulative impact from the identified issues. --- ### Decision The Court affirmed the judgment and sentence of the District Court of Jackson County. Revilla's claims of error were denied, and his conviction was upheld. **Mandate ordered upon filing of this decision.** **For Appellant:** Kenny Goza **For Appellee:** Mike Hunter, Attorney General **Judges' Concurrence:** Lewis, Lumpkin, Hudson, Rowland all concurred with the opinion. [**Click Here to Download PDF**](https://opinions.wirthlawoffice.com/wp-content/uploads/F-2018-929_1734877175.pdf)

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F-2018-964

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In the case of Robert Paul Lockner, Sr. v. The State of Oklahoma, the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals reviewed Lockner's conviction for assault and battery against police officers. Lockner was sentenced to four years in prison for each of the two counts, to be served consecutively. He raised several arguments on appeal, which the court addressed. 1. **Self-Defense Instruction**: Lockner contended that the trial court erred by not providing a jury instruction on self-defense. However, the court upheld that the trial court acted within its discretion, asserting that Lockner did not demonstrate entitlement to such an instruction as per the law governing use of force by police officers in effecting an arrest. 2. **Other Crimes Evidence**: Lockner argued that the introduction of evidence showing methamphetamine in his system at the time of arrest was improper because the state failed to notify him beforehand. The court found that this evidence was part of the res gestae of the charged offense, meaning it was closely connected to the events of the crime. Therefore, it was not subject to the notice requirement. They ruled that the evidence’s probative value outweighed any prejudicial effect. 3. **Cumulative Error Doctrine**: Lockner claimed that the combined effect of multiple alleged errors warranted a new trial. The court determined that since no individual error was sustained, there was no basis for a cumulative error claim. Ultimately, the court affirmed the judgment and sentence of the district court, concluding that Lockner's rights had not been violated and he had not demonstrated any errors that would warrant reversal of his conviction. In a special concurrence, Judge Kuehn elaborated on the inadmissibility of the drug test results in the state’s case-in-chief, but agreed that their eventual admission did not affect Lockner’s substantial rights due to the potential for impeachment in his own testimony. The decision from the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals ensures that Lockner's conviction stands, as all claims for relief were denied.

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S-2013-790

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In OCCA case No. S-2013-790, the State of Oklahoma appealed the conviction of Fowler for Domestic Assault and Battery in the Presence of a Minor. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to uphold the ruling of the trial court, which prohibited the testimony about another incident of domestic violence involving Fowler and his former girlfriend. One judge dissented. Here's a summary of the case. Fowler was charged with domestic violence against his wife, Andrea, in front of their young son. Before the trial, the State wanted to use evidence of past violent behavior by Fowler to strengthen their case. They aimed to show that Fowler had a pattern of violent actions, including a similar incident against a former girlfriend, Terri East, and another against Andrea in the past. However, the trial court allowed some evidence but ultimately decided that the specific incident involving Terri East could not be used in court. The court ruled this evidence was not relevant enough to help prove the current case against Fowler. The judge felt that bringing in this past incident would unfairly bias the jury against Fowler without directly connecting it to the charges at hand. The State argued that the evidence would show a pattern of behavior and that Fowler's actions were not accidental. However, the court found that the two incidents weren't closely related enough to justify including the evidence about Terri East. The court based its decision on legal standards that say other crimes cannot be used simply to paint a bad picture of a person's character. In the end, the court affirmed the trial court's decision, supporting the idea that each case should be proven based on the evidence directly related to the charges, rather than on past actions that might suggest a person is guilty. The case concluded with the court ruling in favor of Fowler, maintaining the exclusion of the evidence against him.

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S-2013-483

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In OCCA case No. S-2013-483, the defendant appealed his conviction for various crimes involving minors, including sodomy, lewd acts, and sexual battery. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to deny the State's appeal regarding the exclusion of certain evidence. One judge dissented from this decision. Thomas Bradley Porton was charged with serious crimes against children. The crimes included sodomy and other lewd acts, as well as providing alcohol to minors and possessing indecent photographs. These charges were based on incidents that occurred in McCurtain County. During the pretrial, the State wanted to use photographs found on Porton's computer as evidence. However, the judge ruled that these photographs could not be used in court. The State believed that the photos were important to prove their case against Porton. They argued that the photographs showed a pattern of behavior that related to the crimes he was charged with. The State appealed the judge's decision to keep the photographs out of the trial. They said that their ability to prove Porton's guilt was greatly affected without this evidence. The law allows the State to appeal when evidence is excluded if it is believed to be in the interests of justice. However, the court found that the State did not show that the photographs were a critical part of the evidence needed to prove the case. Because of this, the appeal was denied, meaning the photographs would not be part of the trial. The ruling pointed out that the trial judge had looked closely at the case and had reasonable grounds to decide that the photographs were not relevant or that their potential to cause unfair problems outweighed their usefulness as evidence. One judge disagreed with the majority opinion. He felt that the photographs should not have been excluded because they could help prove Porton's motive and intent regarding the charges. He argued that evidence of other actions taken by the defendant should have been considered, especially since there were connections between the photographs and the charges against Porton. In summary, the court upheld the lower court's decision to exclude the evidence, impacting the State's case against Porton, while one judge believed this decision was incorrect and would have allowed the evidence.

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F-2008-381

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In OCCA case No. F-2008-381, Cecil Ray Johnson appealed his conviction for kidnapping. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to reverse the conviction and remand for a new trial. One judge dissented. Cecil Ray Johnson was found guilty of kidnapping and received a 20-year prison sentence. He argued that there was not enough evidence to prove he committed the crime of kidnapping. He also said that evidence of other crimes should not have been allowed in the trial because it did not have a clear connection to the kidnapping charges. The court agreed with Johnson on the second point. They explained that evidence of other crimes can sometimes be used, but it must be relevant to the case at hand. In this situation, the evidence of Johnson’s past acts was too old and did not clearly connect to the kidnapping charge. The court said that using this evidence could unfairly influence the jury against Johnson. Because of the problems with the evidence, the court found that Johnson did not receive a fair trial. Even though they thought there was enough evidence for his conviction, they had to reverse the decision because it was unfair to include the other crimes evidence. In conclusion, the judgment was reversed, and the case was sent back for a new trial to ensure Johnson gets a fair chance in court. One judge disagreed with this decision, believing that the evidence of other crimes was relevant to show Johnson’s intent.

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F-2008-255

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In OCCA case No. F-2008-255, Kayla D. Robertson appealed her conviction for manufacturing a controlled dangerous substance, possession of a firearm during a felony, possession of a controlled drug within 1,000 feet of a school, and destroying evidence. In a published decision, the court decided to vacate the $50,000 fine imposed for the manufacturing charge but affirmed the other convictions and sentences. One judge dissented.

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F-2006-348

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In OCCA case No. F-2006-348, Charles Terrell appealed his conviction for Lewd Molestation. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm the conviction but modified his sentence from twenty years to ten years. One judge dissented. Charles Terrell was found guilty by a jury for molesting a young girl. The jury decided he should spend twenty years in prison. During the trial, evidence about other crimes was brought up, which included testimony from Terrell's former step-daughter who said Terrell had abused her too. Terrell argued that this testimony was unfair and should not have been allowed, as it could make the jury think he was guilty of more than just the crime he was accused of in this case. The court agreed that mentioning the other crimes was not handled well, as it wasn't properly limited. However, they also believed the main evidence from the victim in this case was strong and enough to show he was guilty. They found that allowing the other testimony did not change the fact that Terrell was guilty, so his conviction stood. On the topic of his sentence, the court thought about how the other crimes evidence might have led the jury to give him a much longer sentence than they would have otherwise. Because of this, they decided to reduce his sentence to ten years instead of twenty. The court concluded that the main evidence was solid, but the details about his past accusations were overly prejudicial and affected the severity of his punishment. The judge also noted that a photograph of the victim was properly allowed into evidence and was not seen as too harmful. In the end, while the conviction remained, the court decided to lessen the time Terrell would spend in prison, trimming it down to ten years.

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F-2004-1283

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In OCCA case No. F-2004-1283, Marion Whitmore appealed his conviction for Possession of Controlled Substance (Methamphetamine) After Two or More Prior Convictions, and Unlawful Possession of Drug Paraphernalia. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm his convictions but modified his sentence for possession of methamphetamine from sixty-five years to thirty-five years. One judge dissented, arguing that the original sentence should not have been modified as any error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt.

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F-2002-470

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In OCCA case No. F-2002-470, Dearel Oglesby appealed his conviction for Distribution of a Controlled Substance (Methamphetamine). In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm his conviction but modify his sentence to 20 years in prison with a $20,000 fine. One judge dissented. Dearel Oglesby was found guilty by a jury of selling methamphetamine. He was sentenced to life in prison, which he believed was too harsh. Oglesby raised four main issues in his appeal. First, he claimed that the trial allowed some evidence that should not have been included according to the state’s rules. The court found that even though one lab report was late, it was not a major issue since it didn't harm Oglesby’s case. Second, Oglesby argued that he did not get his right to a preliminary hearing, but the court found there was enough evidence to prove there might have been a crime. Third, he was concerned that the jury saw evidence about other drug sales he allegedly made, which he thought was unfair. The court noted that while some of this evidence was not really necessary, the prosecutor did not act on it inappropriately. Finally, Oglesby spoke about a witness being added during the trial, but the court felt that was handled correctly since it wasn’t a key part of the case. The judges found that Oglesby’s punishment was extreme considering the small amount of drugs involved, so they decided to reduce his sentence instead of just keeping the life sentence. This decision was met with some disagreement from one judge, who thought the evidence was relevant and that the original sentence should stay as is.

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F 2001-668

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In OCCA case No. FT 2001-668, Richard James Cordon appealed his conviction for Second Degree Murder. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to reverse the conviction and remand for a new trial. One judge dissented. Richard Cordon was found guilty of Second Degree Murder after a trial. He was sentenced to fifteen years in prison. Cordon believed he did not get a fair trial because the court refused to give certain jury instructions. These instructions were about statements he made that could show he was innocent, as well as instructions on different types of manslaughter, voluntary intoxication, and self-defense using non-deadly force. After looking carefully at all the evidence and arguments, the court agreed that Cordon’s conviction should be reversed. They felt the trial court made a mistake by not allowing the jury to consider his exculpatory statement, which means a statement that could help prove he was not guilty. The court believed that if the jury had heard this statement, they might have decided Cordon was innocent. The court did not agree with all of Cordon's claims, particularly those about the other types of defenses and instructions he wanted, but they found that the lack of an instruction on his exculpatory statement influenced the trial's fairness. Therefore, the case was sent back for a new trial.

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F-2000-365

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In OCCA case No. F-2000-365, Kevin Michael Crase appealed his conviction for Manufacturing a Controlled Dangerous Substance, specifically methamphetamine. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to reverse the conviction. One judge dissented. Crase was found guilty after a trial by jury and received a sentence of twenty years in prison and a $50,000 fine. He argued several points for his appeal, including that there wasn't enough evidence to prove he was actually involved in making the drugs or helping someone else do it. Upon reviewing everything, the court agreed with Crase, stating that although he was there and knew what was happening, there was no proof that he helped or encouraged the drug production in any way. Simply being present at the scene isn’t enough to prove someone committed a crime. Therefore, the court reversed his conviction and instructed the lower court to dismiss the case.

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