Attempted Robbery

J-2019-162

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**IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA** **B.M.M., Appellant,** **V.** **THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA, Appellee.** **Case No. J-2019-162** **FILED JUN 20 2019** **JOHN D. HADDEN, CLERK** **SUMMARY OPINION** **HUDSON, JUDGE:** On August 12, 2016, a Youthful Offender Information was filed in Tulsa County District Court Case No. YO-2016-28, charging Appellant with multiple offenses including Robbery with a Firearm and Possession of a Stolen Vehicle. Appellant entered negotiated guilty pleas on November 28, 2016, receiving a ten-year sentence as a Youthful Offender, with sentences running concurrently. Following completion of the Youthful Offender Program, Appellant was paroled in February 2019. During a March 2019 hearing, mandated by 10A O.S.Supp.2018, § 2-5-209, Judge Priddy transitioned Appellant to a seven-year deferred sentence under the Department of Corrections, a decision Appellant now appeals. This matter was decided on the Accelerated Docket with oral arguments heard on May 30, 2019. The district court’s bridging of Appellant to the supervision of the Department of Corrections is **AFFIRMED**. **Propositions of Error:** **1. No State Motion to Bridge:** Appellant contends the district court erred by bridging him to an adult sentence without a state motion. The court correctly followed 10A O.S.Supp.2018, § 2-5-209, allowing placement on probation without a state motion. Appellant did not demonstrate an abuse of discretion based on performance in the program. **2. Knowingly Entered Pleas:** Appellant asserts his guilty pleas were not entered knowingly but does not seek to withdraw them. As such, this claim seeks advisory relief, which the Court denies. **3. Abuse of Discretion on Bridging Decision:** Appellant reasserts that the decision to bridge him was an abuse of discretion. Following the statutory guidelines, the Court finds no abuse of discretion has occurred. **Conclusion:** The Judgment and Sentence is **AFFIRMED**. MANDATE will issue upon filing of this decision. **AN APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF TULSA COUNTY** **THE HONORABLE TRACY PRIDDY, DISTRICT JUDGE** **APPEARANCES AT TRIAL:** **COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT:** Kayla Cannon, Assistant Public Defender **COUNSEL FOR STATE:** Kevin Keller, Assistant District Attorney **OPINION BY:** HUDSON, J. **LEWIS, P.J.:** CONCUR IN RESULTS **KUEHN, V.P.J.:** CONCUR IN RESULTS **LUMPKIN, J.:** CONCUR **ROWLAND, J.:** CONCUR [Download PDF for full opinion](https://opinions.wirthlawoffice.com/wp-content/uploads/J-2019-162_1734446225.pdf)

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F-2016-1094

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In OCCA case No. F-2016-1094, Robert Lawrence Long appealed his conviction for First Degree Felony Murder and Possession of a Firearm After Conviction of a Felony. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm Long's convictions but vacate the court costs imposed on the possession charge. No one dissented.

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F-2016-843

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**IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA** **DAVID RUBLE, II,** **Appellant,** **VS.** **THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA,** **Appellee.** **No. F-2016-843** **FILED DEC 14 2017** **SUMMARY OPINION** *KUEHN, JUDGE:* David Ruble II was tried by jury and convicted of Count I, Felony Murder with the predicate Attempted Robbery by Firearm in violation of 21 O.S.2011, § 701.7; and Count III, Conspiracy to Commit Robbery with a Firearm in violation of 21 O.S.2011, § 421, in the District Court of Tulsa County, Case No. CF-2014-2691. Following the jury's recommendation, the Honorable William D. LaFortune sentenced Ruble to life imprisonment (Count I) and ten (10) years imprisonment (Count III), to run consecutively. Ruble appeals from these convictions and sentences. Ruble raises five propositions of error in support of his appeal: I. The trial court's erroneous rulings on challenges for cause deprived Appellant of his full complement of peremptory challenges to use at his discretion and prevented his ability to remove objectionable jurors. II. The cumulative effect of prosecutorial misconduct constituted plain error and deprived Appellant of a fair trial. III. The trial judge erred in not instructing the jury on lesser offenses. IV. Mr. Ruble was deprived of the effective assistance of counsel. V. The accumulation of errors deprived Mr. Ruble of a fair trial and the due process of law secured to him. **DECISION:** After thorough consideration of the entire record, we deny Ruble's propositions of error. 1. **Proposition I:** The trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying Ruble's challenges for cause. The record does not support that the jurors were biased, nor was there a showing that trial counsel properly preserved this issue. 2. **Proposition II:** Ruble's claims of prosecutorial misconduct were not substantiated. Many of his complaints were unobjected to and reviewed for plain error, which was not found. 3. **Proposition III:** There was no error in failing to instruct the jury on lesser included offenses, as Ruble's defense was that he was not involved in the crime. 4. **Proposition IV:** Trial counsel's performance was not deficient. Ruble did not demonstrate that he was prejudiced by counsel's actions. 5. **Proposition V:** With no fundamental error established, the claim of cumulative error fails. The Judgment and Sentence of the District Court of Tulsa County is AFFIRMED. **MANDATE:** Ordered issued upon the delivery and filing of this decision. **ATTORNEYS AT TRIAL:** Michael Manning 624 South Denver, Ste. 201 Tulsa, OK 74119 **ATTORNEYS ON APPEAL:** Rhiannon Sisk Homicide Direct Appeals Div. Oklahoma Indigent Defense System P.O. Box 926 Norman, OK 73070 **COUNSEL FOR THE STATE:** Becky Johnson Mike Hunter Benjamin Fu 500 S. Denver, Ste. 900 Tulsa, OK 74103 **OPINION BY:** KUEHN, J.; LUMPKIN, P.J., CONCUR IN RESULTS; LEWIS, V.P.J., CONCUR; HUDSON, J., CONCUR; ROWLAND, J., CONCUR. **[Download PDF](https://opinions.wirthlawoffice.com/wp-content/uploads/F-2016-843_1734264868.pdf)**

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C-2014-584

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In OCCA case No. C-2014-584, Gilbert Paz appealed his conviction for First Degree Felony Murder, Shooting with Intent to Kill, Conspiracy, Attempted Robbery with a Firearm, and Possession of a Firearm After Conviction of a Felony. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to vacate the District Court's denial of Paz's Motion to Withdraw Plea and remanded the case for further proceedings. One member of the court dissented. Gilbert Paz was involved in a serious crime case where he initially pleaded guilty to multiple charges. After some time, he wanted to take back his guilty pleas, claiming that he didn’t fully understand what he was doing when he agreed to the plea deal. He felt confused and believed his lawyer wasn't helping him properly. The case started when a burglary went badly, resulting in one person being killed and another being hurt. After his guilty pleas were accepted in court, Paz tried to withdraw them, but the judge said no. The judge continued to give him time to get a new lawyer but did not allow him to take back his pleas. Paz argued five main points in his appeal. He claimed that the judge helped too much during his plea negotiations, that his guilty plea was not made knowingly or intelligently, that he was denied his right to have a lawyer present during important parts of the trial, and that his lawyer did not provide effective help. He also claimed that all these issues together made it unfair for him. The court reviewed everything and determined that the main issue was that Paz did not receive the help of a lawyer when trying to withdraw his guilty pleas. Both Paz and the State agreed that he should have had a lawyer to assist him in this situation. The court recognized that without proper counsel, Paz's claim that his pleas were not voluntary could not be dismissed as harmless. As a result, the court decided to vacate the previous decision and send the case back to the District Court so they could properly address Paz's request to withdraw his pleas.

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C-2013-730

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In OCCA case No. C-2013-730, Mon'tre Brown appealed his conviction for First Degree Felony Murder, First Degree Burglary, and Attempted Robbery. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to reverse the denial of his motion to withdraw his guilty plea and remand the case to the District Court. The dissenting opinion argued against the majority's decision. Mon'tre Brown was given several charges, including serious ones like murder and burglary. He pleaded guilty to all counts in April 2013 but later wanted to change his plea, claiming he didn’t understand what he was doing due to his mental condition. The trial court denied his request, leading to this appeal. During the initial plea hearing, there were concerns about Mon'tre's mental competency because of his low IQ, which was reported as around 65. His attorney was aware of his learning disabilities, but they appeared not to conduct a thorough investigation into his mental health before allowing him to plead guilty. Mon'tre claimed he felt pressured to plead guilty because his counsel had said he couldn’t win the case. At a later hearing, Mon'tre's family and mental health professionals testified that he struggle to understand the legal concepts involved in his case, which raised questions about his ability to make informed decisions. Some of the professionals stated he didn’t have a clear understanding of what his guilty plea meant or the consequences of waiving his right to trial. The court found that the attorney had not adequately assessed Mon'tre's competence or sought further evaluations that could have supported his claim of mental retardation. It decided that his attorney's failure to investigate his mental condition and present sufficient evidence during the plea process was ineffective assistance of counsel. Ultimately, the court believed that there’s a reasonable chance that had adequate evidence of Mon'tre's mental condition been presented early, it may have changed the outcome of his guilty plea. Thus, they ruled in favor of allowing Mon'tre to withdraw his guilty plea and directed for conflict-free counsel to represent him in further proceedings.

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C-2010-1179

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In OCCA case No. C-2010-1179, Donnell Devon Smith appealed his conviction for multiple crimes including robbery, sexual battery, and others. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to deny his appeal. One judge dissented. Smith was charged with various offenses in multiple cases and pleaded guilty to all charges on October 19, 2010. He received several sentences, some of which were life sentences, and others ranged from ten to twenty years. After entering his pleas, Smith requested to withdraw them, saying he felt coerced and that he had not been properly informed about the punishments he faced for his crimes. The court looked at three main points raised in Smith's appeal: 1. Smith argued he should be allowed to withdraw his plea for one count of attempted robbery because the ten-year sentence he received was too long. The court found that his sentence was actually five years too long and modified it to the correct five-year maximum. 2. Smith claimed he did not understand the range of sentences for some charges and that this lack of understanding meant his pleas were not voluntary. The court decided that while he had been misadvised, the pleas still appeared to be valid overall because he benefitted from how the sentences were set up to run concurrently. 3. He asserted that he was punished twice for some of the same actions and that some of his pleas lacked enough factual support. The court concluded that the evidence supported the different charges, and there were no double jeopardy issues. The court ultimately affirmed his convictions for all cases besides modifying the sentence that was too long and correcting a minor paperwork mistake regarding how sentences should run together. The court ruled that his plea was knowingly and voluntarily made despite the confusion around sentencing ranges. The decision closed by affirming the ruling of the lower court regarding Smith's attempt to withdraw his pleas, confirming most of the sentences while adjusting the one that exceeded the maximum allowed by law.

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F-2009-236

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In OCCA case No. F-2009-236, James Lee Copeland, Jr. appealed his conviction for Attempted Robbery with a Dangerous Weapon. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm his conviction but ordered the district court to correct the official record to properly reflect the conviction and remove an incorrect statement about parole eligibility. One judge dissented.

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C-2009-17

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In OCCA case No. C-2009-17, Olindia Toann Vaughn appealed her conviction for Attempted Robbery With a Weapon. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to grant her request to withdraw her guilty plea. One judge dissented. Olindia Toann Vaughn pleaded guilty to attempting to rob someone with a weapon in the District Court of Tulsa County. She had an agreement with the court and was given a 15-year prison sentence that would run at the same time as another sentence she had. Later, Vaughn wanted to take back her guilty plea and asked the court to let her do it, but her request was denied after a hearing. Vaughn then filed a petition for a Writ of Certiorari, which is a request for the court to review her case. She also asked to add more information to her appeal and wanted a hearing to talk about her claims regarding the assistance of her lawyer when she tried to withdraw her plea. The court agreed to look at her additional information and set a hearing to explore specific questions about whether her lawyer gave her inadequate help. During the hearing, it was established that the lawyers who helped Vaughn when she wanted to withdraw her plea did not do a good job. They did not visit her beforehand to discuss her claims, did not investigate her confusion and mental health issues, and did not question her about how her health could affect her plea. As a result of these findings, the trial court decided that Vaughn had not received the proper assistance she needed from her lawyer during the plea withdrawal hearing. After reviewing the information, the court granted Vaughn's petition and allowed her to withdraw her guilty plea. They sent the case back to the District Court of Tulsa County for her to formally withdraw her plea and for further proceedings. The court recognized that it is important for everyone to have help from a competent lawyer, especially when they want to change their plea.

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F-2007-526

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In OCCA case No. F-2007-526, Chavis Lenard Day appealed his conviction for Shooting with Intent to Kill and Attempted Robbery with a Dangerous Weapon. In a published decision, the court affirmed the judgment and sentence from the District Court. One judge dissented. Chavis Lenard Day was found guilty by a jury for two crimes: shooting someone with the intention to kill and attempting to rob that person using a dangerous weapon. The jury decided that he should serve life in prison for both crimes, but these sentences would happen at the same time, not one after the other. During his appeal, Day raised several concerns about his trial. First, he argued that he should not be punished separately for both crimes because it might violate rules against double jeopardy, which means being tried for the same crime twice. However, the court found that it was okay to punish him for both offenses. Day also questioned if the person who identified him as the shooter was telling the truth. The court looked at the evidence and determined that the jury was allowed to trust this witness's testimony, even if it was challenged during the trial. Another issue Day raised was about the advice given to the jury. He claimed the judge didn’t give certain instructions, like reminding them that eyewitnesses can make mistakes. The court decided that these instructions were not necessary and that the trial was fair. Day also thought a witness should not have talked about changing a photo used in the trial because it could confuse the jury. The court explained that mentioning this did not mean Day had done something wrong or had been involved with gangs. Additionally, Day argued that the jury should have been told about how long he would have to serve in prison before being eligible for parole. However, the court found that the law did not require that information for his specific charge. Finally, Day pointed out that a mistake was made in official documents. They stated he was guilty of robbery when he was actually guilty of attempted robbery. The court agreed and said they would fix this error in the official records. In conclusion, the court affirmed Day's punishment but ordered that the documents reflect the correct details of the conviction. Overall, the court found that none of Day's complaints were enough to change the outcome of the trial except for the clerical correction.

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F-2006-110

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In OCCA case No. F-2006-110, Gilbert Vega, Jr. appealed his conviction for First Degree Felony Murder (while in the commission of Attempted Robbery with a Firearm). In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm the conviction but reverse the sentence and remand for resentencing. One judge dissented. Gilbert Vega, Jr. was found guilty by a jury for the murder of Francisco Hernandez. This murder happened during an attempted robbery at Hernandez's home in Oklahoma City in December 2003. During the trial, the focus was on whether Vega was involved in the incident that led to Hernandez's death. The night of the murder, Hernandez, his girlfriend, and a cousin were in their home when three armed men broke in, threatening them. They physically assaulted the girlfriend and demanded information about money and drugs believed to be in the house. After the attackers had beaten and bound the victims, shots were fired. A neighbor heard the commotion and called for help, but by the time police arrived, Hernandez was dead. Evidence against Vega came mainly from his girlfriend, Rachel Prior. She testified that Vega and his cousin left their home that night intending to rob someone. When Vega returned around 3 a.m., he allegedly threatened her with a gun and described how the robbery went wrong. He claimed to have physically assaulted the girlfriend of the victim and had shot a weapon during the incident. Moments later, police found a gun linked to the crime at Prior's house, and DNA evidence from that gun matched Vega's DNA. In the case, several arguments were debated regarding evidence and trial procedures. Vega's team argued that he was denied a fair trial due to certain evidence being admitted. This included evidence related to a boot print found at the crime scene. The court ruled that these demonstrations were not misleading to the jury and were part of a larger set of evidence against Vega, which included strong DNA evidence. Vega also claimed there were errors in allowing certain evidence about DNA testing from beer bottles found near the crime scene and argued his jury was not properly instructed regarding sentencing rules that could affect his case. However, the court found no significant errors and stated that evidence presented at the trial, including Prior's testimony, was strong enough to support the conviction. Ultimately, while Vega's conviction for murder was upheld, the court determined that he needed to be resentenced.

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F-2006-68

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In OCCA case No. F-2006-68, Gregory Scott Thompson appealed his conviction for First Degree Felony Murder. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm the conviction but modified the sentence from life without the possibility of parole to life imprisonment. One judge dissented. ### Summary of the Case Gregory Scott Thompson was found guilty of First Degree Felony Murder after being involved in an attempted robbery that led to the death of Jerry McQuin. The events occurred on November 18, 2003, when Randy Davis and Clifford Hamilton went to Laquita Stevenson’s house. Tensions rose between Davis and McQuin, who was living with Stevenson at the time. Thompson, along with Gatewood, arrived after Davis called him over. When McQuin returned home, Thompson and Gatewood armed with guns demanded McQuin's car keys. McQuin was forced outside where he was shot after a brief confrontation about the keys. Stevenson, still inside, heard the commotion and eventually the gunshots that killed McQuin. Although no one directly saw Thompson shoot McQuin, evidence showed he was actively involved in the robbery attempt that resulted in McQuin's death. ### Court Opinions The court addressed several key legal arguments presented by Thompson: 1. **Exclusion of Evidence**: Thompson argued that the trial court should have allowed evidence that McQuin had drugs and money, which could suggest a drug deal gone wrong. The court ruled that this evidence didn’t sufficiently connect another person to the crime and would risk confusing the jury. 2. **Cross-Examination Limitations**: Thompson claimed his rights were violated when the court limited his lawyer's ability to cross-examine witnesses. The court found that the trial judge exercised discretion within reasonable limits. 3. **Custodial Statements**: Thompson contended that his rights were violated when his statements made after invoking his right to counsel were allowed into evidence. The court found that he did not clearly assert his right to counsel at the time and therefore the statements were admissible. 4. **Sufficiency of Evidence**: Thompson maintained that there was not enough evidence to convict him since no one saw him shoot McQuin. The court found that the evidence was sufficient to show he was an active participant in the attempted robbery, thus affirming the conviction. 5. **Sentencing Issues**: Thompson challenged various sentencing procedures, including that the trial was improperly bifurcated and that he was not correctly informed about his eligibility for parole. The court acknowledged these errors and modified the sentence accordingly. 6. **Ineffective Assistance of Counsel**: Thompson argued that his attorney failed to effectively represent him in several respects. The court ruled that these claims did not demonstrate a significant chance that the outcome would have been different. Both the prosecution's case and Thompson's defense contributed to the complex nature of the trial. Ultimately, while his conviction was upheld, the errors in sentencing led to a modification of his sentence to life with the possibility of parole.

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RE-2007-378

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In OCCA case No. RE-2007-378, Kevin Davis appealed his conviction for revocation of a suspended sentence. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm part of the revocation while reversing another part. One judge dissented. Kevin Davis had previously been sentenced for possession of marijuana and for driving under the influence. These sentences included portions that were suspended, meaning he could avoid serving time if he followed the rules of his probation. However, when Davis was convicted of attempted robbery, the state sought to revoke his suspended sentences. The decision in the case centered around two main issues. First, Davis argued that the court unfairly required him to serve his revoked sentences one after the other, instead of allowing him to serve them at the same time as his new sentence. The court found that the judge had the right to make that decision and did not see it as wrongful. Second, Davis claimed that the court had no power to revoke his earlier marijuana charge since the time to do so had already passed. The court agreed with him on this point and decided that the application to revoke was filed too late. As a result, the court kept the revocation of one sentence in place but instructed the lower court to dismiss the application concerning the other sentence because it was no longer valid.

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F 2003-364

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In OCCA case No. F 2003-364, El Alami El Mansouri appealed his conviction for multiple crimes including unauthorized use of a motor vehicle, attempted robbery, first-degree burglary, and kidnapping. In an unpublished decision, the court decided to affirm some convictions but reversed others. The court found that two of the infractions—kidnapping and pointing a firearm—should be dismissed due to double jeopardy. One judge dissented.

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C-2003-1342

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In OCCA case No. C-2003-1342, Clifford Feaster appealed his conviction for robbery and other crimes. In an unpublished decision, the court decided that Feaster could not withdraw his guilty pleas, but they modified the judgment in one case. One judge dissented. Feaster had pleaded guilty in 1998 to several serious crimes, including robbery. After being sentenced to 45 years in prison, he tried to change his mind about the plea. The trial court initially did not allow him to withdraw it. The appeals court looked at Feaster's reasons for wanting to change his plea and held a hearing to examine the situation. Feaster argued that the trial judge did not provide enough information (a factual basis) for the guilty pleas and that he had not entered the pleas knowingly and voluntarily. However, the appeals court found that there was enough justification for his pleas and that he understood what he was doing when he agreed to plead guilty. In the final decision, the appeals court allowed a small change to the original judgment to make sure it correctly reflected what happened in the case, specifically concerning counts that were dropped. Overall, the appeals court did not find enough reason to let Feaster withdraw his guilty pleas.

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C-2003-356

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In OCCA case No. C-2003-356, Feaster appealed his conviction for robbery and related charges. In a published decision, the court decided that he was denied effective assistance of counsel and granted his writ for a proper hearing on the motion to withdraw guilty pleas. One judge dissented, arguing that the motion to withdraw was filed too late and should be dismissed.

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